Americans Are All Prisoners of War

William J. Astore says that in America’s collective stockade of the mind, activism for peace is an aberration, while acceptance of the war state is second nature. 

Aerial view of Pentagon. (Joe Lauria)

By William J. Astore
TomDispatch.com

“POWs Never Have A Nice Day.”  That sentiment was captured on a button a friend of mine wore for our fourth grade class photo in 1972.  That prisoners of war could never have such a day was reinforced by the sad face on that button.  Soon after, American POWs would indeed be released by their North Vietnamese captors as the American war in Vietnam ended. 

They came home the next year to a much-hyped heroes’ welcome orchestrated by the administration of President Richard Nixon, but the government would never actually retire its POW/MIA (missing-in-action) flags.  Today, almost half a century later, they continue to fly at federal installations, including the U.S. Capitol as it was breached and briefly besieged last week by a mob incited by this country’s lame-duck president, ostensibly to honor all U.S. veterans who were either POWs or never returned because their bodies were never recovered.

Remembering the sacrifices of our veterans is fitting and proper; it’s why we set aside Memorial Day in May and Veterans Day in November.  In thinking about those POWs and the dark legacy of this country’s conflicts since World War II, however, I’ve come to a realization.  In the ensuing years, we Americans have all, in some sense, become prisoners of war. 

We’re all part of a culture that continues to esteem warembrace militarism, and devote more than half of federal discretionary spending to wars, weaponry, and the militarization of American culture.  We live in a country that leads the world in the export of murderous munitions to the grimmest, most violent hotspots on the planet, enabling, for example, a genocidal conflict in Yemen, among other conflicts.

True, in a draft-less country, few enough Americans actually don a military uniform these days.  As 2021 begins, most of us have never carried a military identification card that mentions the Geneva Convention on the proper and legal treatment of POWs, as I did when I wore a uniform long ago.

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So, when I say that all Americans are essentially POWs, I’m obviously using that acronym not in a legal or formal way, but in the colloquial sense of being captured by some phenomenon, held by it, subjected to it in a fashion that tends to restrict, if not eliminate, freedom of thought and action and so compromises this country’s belief in sacred individual liberties. 

In this colloquial sense, it seems to me that all Americans have in some fashion become prisoners of war, even those few “prisoners” among us who have worked so bravely and tirelessly to resist the phenomenon.

U.S. Capitol dome, Washington, D.C.

Ask yourself this question: During a deadly pandemic, as the American death toll approaches 400,000 while still accelerating, what unites “our” representatives in Congress?  What is the only act that draws wide and fervent bipartisan support, not to speak of a unique override of a Trump presidential veto in these last four years?

It certainly isn’t providing health care for all or giving struggling families checks for $2,000 to ensure that food will be on American tables or that millions of us won’t be evicted from our homes in the middle of a pandemic.

No, what unites “our” representatives is funding the military-industrial complex to the tune of $740.5 billion in fiscal year 2021 (though the real amount spent on what passes for “national security” each year regularly exceeds a trillion dollars).  Still, that figure of $740.5 billion in itself is already higher than the combined military spending of the next 10 countries, including Russia and China as well as U.S. allies like France, Germany, and the United Kingdom.

Not only that, but Congress added language to the latest defense bill that effectively blocked efforts by President Trump before he leaves office on January 20th to mandate the withdrawal of all troops from Afghanistan (and some troops from Germany).  Though it’s doubtful he would have accomplished such goals anyway, given his irresolute nature, that Congress worked to block him tells you what you need to know about “our” representatives and their allegiance to the war complex.

That said, an irresolute Trump administration has been most resolute in just one area: selling advanced weaponry overseas. It’s been rushing to export American-made bombs, missiles, and jets to the Middle East before turning over government efforts to shill for America’s merchants of death to President Joe Biden and his crew of deskbound warriors.

Speaking of Biden, that he selected retired General Lloyd Austin III to be his secretary of defense sends the strongest possible signal of his own allegiance to the primacy of militarism and war in American culture.  After all, upon retiring, General Austin promptly cashed in by joining the board of directors of United Technologies from which he received $1.4 million in “stock and other compensation” before it merged with giant weapons-maker Raytheon and he ended up on the board of that company. (He holds roughly $500,000 in Raytheon stock, a nice supplement to his six-figure yearly military pension.)

How better than selecting him as SecDef to ensure that the “military” and the “industrial” remain wedded in that famed complex?  America’s secretary of defense is, of course, supposed to be a civilian, someone who can exercise strong and independent oversight over America’s ever-growing war complex, not a lifelong military officer and general to boot, as well as an obvious war profiteer.

War Is Peace

Display of U.S. naval and air power. (U.S. Navy)

As Quincy Institute President Andrew Bacevich so aptly put it, “many Americans have made their peace with endless war.”  Within America’s war culture, peace activists like Medea Benjamin and organizations like Veterans for Peace are seen as not just “radical,” but genuinely aberrant. Meanwhile, an unquestioning acceptance of the fact that this country is now eternally at war across significant parts of the planet is considered normal, even respectable.  Certainly, not something to put real time or thought into considering.

As a result, warmongers like former Trump National Security Advisor John Bolton are touted in some quarters as hard-headed realists. In seeing the world as a hostile place that Americans need to (but somehow, almost 20 years later, can’t) dominate means their heads are screwed on straight, unlike those screwy thinkers who advocate for peace.  But as Dorothy Day, the Catholic peace activist, once said: “Our problems stem from our acceptance of this filthy, rotten system.”

That Americans mostly refuse to see permanent war as filthy and rotten, or to think much about it or the “defense” budget that goes with it showcases the triumph of a broader war culture here.  Whereas this country’s profligate and prodigal military complex has given us stunning failure after stunning failure overseas (just consider all those disastrous efforts to win “hearts and minds” from Vietnam to Afghanistan to Iraq and on and on), it has proved stunningly successful in winning — or at least taming — hearts and minds in the homeland

How else to explain the way those trillion-dollar-plus “national security” budgets are routinely rubber-stamped by Congress with hardly a murmur of protest?

In the 21st century, Americans are suffering a form of cognitive capture in which war has become the new normal.  As an astute reader at my blog, “Bracing Views,” put it:

“Our desire to live without war is held in a stockade, and every day that we wake up and walk out into the yard that understanding is being broken down by the powerful monied elites.”

In America’s collective stockade of the mind, activism for peace is an aberration, while acceptance of the war state is second nature.  Small wonder that Biden’s proposed cabinet and administration features so many neocon-style policymakers who made their peace with war, whether in Iraq and Afghanistan or Libya and Syria (Antony Blinken as secretary of state; Jake Sullivan as national security adviser; retired general Lloyd Austin as secretary of defense; and Avril Haines as director of national intelligence). 

Biden’s hawkish picks avidly place their faith in U.S. military power.  And they will be advising a new president, who once supported war in Iraq himself and talks not of reducing “defense” spending but of boosting it.

Nov. 29, 2011: Vice Presindent Joe Biden with U.S. Ambassador to Iraq James Jeffrey, and U.S. Forces in Iraq commander, Gen. Lloyd J. Austin III in Iraq.  (Staff Sgt. Caleb Barrieau/Wikimedia Commons)

Perhaps you’ve noticed, in fact, how every president from George W. Bush in 2001 on has been proud to pose at some point as a “wartime” president.  Perhaps you’ve noticed as well that this country can’t or won’t close Gitmo, the detention facility at Guantanamo Bay, Cuba, flooded with prisoners from the global war on terror beginning late in 2001, men who will likely be imprisoned until death does us part.

Perhaps this is why the U.S. government “tortured some folks,” as President Barack Obama put it in 2014, and abused Iraqi prisoners at Abu Ghraib in Iraq.  (Avril Haines, Biden’s proposed national intelligence director, once helped suppress evidence of just such abuse and torture.)  Perhaps this is why every president starting with George W. Bush has unapologetically smited evildoers around the world via robotic assassindrones.  (Remember, the drone assassination of Iranian Major General Qasem Suleimani at Baghdad International Airport by one Donald J. Trump?)

Perhaps this is also why U.S. bombing never seems to stop and those wars never end, even when a president comes into office promising that they will.  After all, it’s so empowering to be a “wartime” president!

In his novel 1984, George Orwell put it simply enough when he coined the slogan “war is peace” for his fictional dystopian society. Randolph Bourne put it no less simply when, during World War I, he explained that “war is the health of the state.” 

Rosa Brooks, who worked at the Pentagon, put it bluntly when she titled her 2016 book How Everything Became War and the Military Became Everything.  What we have in America today is warfare as welfare, a form of man-made disaster capitalism, profitable for a few at the expense of the many.

Say it again: We are all POWs now.

The Time I Met a Real POW       

Former POW and U.S. Air Force Col. Robinson Risner at a press conference in 1971 after his release. (Wikimedia Commons)

In the early 1990s, when I was a young captain in the U.S. Air Force, I served as an escort officer for Brigadier General Robinson Risner.  It’s not too much to say that Risner is held in awe in the Air Force. 

A skilled fighter pilot and Korean War ace, he was a colonel and on the cover of Time magazine in 1965, just as the Vietnam War was ramping up, after which he was shot down and became a POW.  He later wrote The Passing of the Night, a harrowing account of the seven years he spent as a prisoner in the “Hanoi Hilton,” the sardonic name American POWs gave North Vietnam’s Hoa Lo Prison.

What sustained Risner through torture and those years of captivity was his Christian faith and patriotism.  I vividly recall a talk he gave at the Air Force Academy about his experiences and how that faith of his had sustained him. 

I’ve never heard a more vivid evocation of the spirit of duty, honor, and country sustained by faith in a higher power.  I was proud to have a photo taken with General Risner, as we stood next to the trophy named after him and annually awarded to the top graduate of the Air Force’s Weapons School, the AF’s Top Gun, so to speak.

Risner was gracious and compelling, and I was humbled to meet a POW who’d endured and overcome as much as he had.  Yet, back then (to be honest), I never gave a thought to his actions as a fighter pilot leading bombing missions during Operation Rolling Thunder in Vietnam.  Since the U.S. government had chosen not to officially declare war against North Vietnam, whether his missions were even legal should have been open to question. 

Lacking such an official declaration, one could argue that Risner and U.S. POWs like him did not enjoy the legal protections of the Geneva Convention.  Using American terminology today, Risner might then have been termed an “enemy combatant” to be held indefinitely, as the U.S. today holds captives at Guantanamo Bay in Cuba, POWs who have little hope of ever being released.

To your average American captured by U.S. war culture, objections here are easy.  Of course, Risner’s bombing missions were legal.  Of course, he deserved to be recognized as a POW and treated decently.  America never goes to war without righteous cause, in this case the containment of Communism by any means short of nuclear weapons.  The North Vietnamese saw it differently, however, perhaps because it was they who were being bludgeoned and flattened by U.S. military power.

My point is neither to praise Risner nor to bury him.  Rather, it’s to bury war and the culture that breeds and then feeds on it.  The more Americans facilitate war (largely by ignoring it and so giving it our tacit approval), the more Washington funds it, the more other people die because of “our” wars and “our” weaponry, the more this country becomes a POW nation writ large.

My Friend’s Button Again

Remember my friend’s button, the one that insisted POWs never have a nice day?  As a POW nation writ large, it should apply to all of us.  America won’t have a nice day again until it extricates itself from war in all its manifestations.  There will be no nice day until Congress stops funding munitions makers and starts seeking peace and helping the sick and poor. 

There will be no nice day until Americans hate war with all the passion now saved for “patriotic” flag waving.  There will be no nice day until presidents bless peacemakers instead of beseeching God to protect the troops.

So, the next time you see a POW/MIA flag outside a federal building, don’t dismiss it as a relic of America’s past.  Think about its meaning and relevance in an era of constant global warfare and colossal military spending. 

Then, if you dare, ask yourself if you, too, are a POW of sorts — not in the strictly legal sense that applies to formal militaries in declared wars, but in the sense of this country being captured by war in all its death, destruction, and despair.  And then ask yourself, what does America have to do, collectively, to break out of the POW camp in which it’s imprisoned itself?

Upon that question hinges the future of the American republic.

William Astore, a retired lieutenant colonel (USAF) and professor of history, is a TomDispatch regular and a senior fellow at the Eisenhower Media Network (EMN), an organization of critical veteran military and national security professionals. His personal blog is “Bracing Views.”

This article is from TomDispatch.com.

The views expressed are solely those of the author and may or may not reflect those of Consortium News.

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10 comments for “Americans Are All Prisoners of War

  1. robert e williamson jr
    January 16, 2021 at 17:22

    These are the words of someone who has complete mastery of the subject at hand. This riveting account seems to be straight from Mr. Astores heart.

    His take here on the POW issue and how he relates it is a clear message to us all.

    PEACE

  2. January 15, 2021 at 21:45

    This is one of the best articles I’ve read in quite a while. It should be required reading for all US citizens. Thank you.

  3. Carolyn L Zaremba
    January 15, 2021 at 15:38

    This country’s “sacred belief in individual civil liberties” is part of the problem. We as Americans are never taught that we have a social obligation that might be more important than our selfish wishes. The atomization of American society has left us with no universal healthcare, no free education, no affordable housing and no pension scheme because all of that is supposed to be left to “individual responsibility”. Meanwhile, the corporations who lose money are given free handouts by the government, and the military gets billions for death machines, and there is no mass outcry because the American people have been brainwashed into believing that corporations somehow deserve it more than actual (not paper) people, and that every other country in the world is trying to destroy the U.S. Along with “American exceptionalism”, this elevation of the individual has destroyed society, something that UK Prime Minister Margaret Thatcher claimed did not exist.

  4. Anne
    January 15, 2021 at 12:55

    Thank you Mr Astore…indeed…we are the Moloch worshiping and performing (along with that god’s counterpart, Mammon, worshiping) people writ large…The overwhelming majority of so-called well and expensively educated American bourgeoisie would seem either to not give an Eff about what all those billions-trillions do to other peoples (most deprived, poor, darker hued, 5000 miles or more away and then destroyed, devastated) or believe that as the so called (??!!) shining hill beacon (incomprehensible, given how we, the low melanin sorts obtained this land) we have the right to slaughter whomsoever we choose, whenever we choose, however we choose…But most of the time, most of the population do not give an eff what we have done and continue to do to others (how many could even imagine where Iran, Yemen, Chile are???)…

    And as you clearly point out, it matters not at all which face of the Janus party holds power – blue or red – all are on board for funding the MICIMATT rather than ensuring that e.g. the whole US population has free (at point of service) health care; has low cost, good housing, has sufficiently well paying jobs, has FREE (and healthy) water flowing through their taps (clean and safe WATER should be a human right, not a commodity)……

  5. Alex Cox
    January 15, 2021 at 11:38

    I wonder what Risen’s “mission” was. As I recall John McCain was on his way to bomb a light bulb factory when he got shot down.

    • January 15, 2021 at 16:52

      Here is a short video of tales of American POWs in Vietnam. It mentions that McCain returned to the USA and dumped his loyal wife who had been disabled in an auto accident. He instantly married a woman 17 years younger worth millions of dollars and ran for Congress.

      hXXps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XIVVErwY7Zs

  6. January 15, 2021 at 10:33

    There were really no American POWs in Vietnam.

    No legal state of war was ever declared.

    South Vietnam was not even a legitimate country but an artificial enclave, hived off the empire of the departing French, run exclusively by dictators, and intended to serve as an American pied-a-terre in Southeast Asia.

    Even its own captive people did not support it. That’s who the Viet Cong were, residents of South Vietnam fighting the dictators of South Vietnam. America’s war was a shabby effort from beginning to end.

    John Kennedy’s refusal to support the charade any further likely contributed to his assassination, although his relations with Cuba and Russia were major contributing factors.

    That is the nature of the “freedom” and “democracy” LBJ’s war was all about. When asked once by a reporter in the White House why America was in Vietnam, Johnson, an extremely crude man, unzipped his pants and pulled out his ample penis. “That’s why,” he said.

    The men captured by North Vietnam could justifiably be classed as war criminals, but the North chose not to do so and to keep them as bargaining chips. They knew, for example, that John McCain’s father was one of America’s most senior Admirals.

    Good old John McCain, when he was shot down, was bombing a civilian facility in Hanoi. Some war hero.

    I think America made a great deal of the “POWs” because the war was so shameful, so degrading, and so unsuccessful, they desperately wanted something to feel good about.

    Project Phoenix cutting the throats of forty thousand village leaders in the nights. Marines burning down villagers’ homes. Napalm. Early cluster bombs. B-52 carpet bombing. Massacres of civilians. Throwing prisoners who refused to talk out of helicopters. Countless rapes.

    • Anne
      January 15, 2021 at 12:56

      Oh thank you John…so bloody true

    • Carolyn L Zaremba
      January 15, 2021 at 15:39

      Excellent comment. I tend to agree.

    • January 15, 2021 at 21:43

      Agree completely. Very well said. Thanks.

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