Trying Not to Give Peace a Chance

Exclusive: The trust between President Obama and President Putin helped avert a U.S. war on Syria and got Iran to agree to limit its nuclear program, but the neocon-driven crisis in Ukraine has dashed hopes of building on that success for a more peaceful world, writes ex-CIA analyst Ray McGovern.

By Ray McGovern

The unnecessary and regrettable conflict between the U.S. and Russia over Ukraine brings to mind sad remembrances of important junctures at which I watched as a citizen and a CIA analyst chances for genuine peace with Russia frittered away.

How vividly I recall John Kennedy’s inaugural address when he bid us to ask not what our country could do for us, but rather what we could do for our country. Then and there I decided to put in the service of our government whatever expertise I could offer from my degrees in Russian. So I ended up in Washington more than a half-century ago.

President Vladimir Putin of Russia welcomes President Barack Obama to the G20 Summit at Konstantinovsky Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5, 2013. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

President Vladimir Putin of Russia welcomes President Barack Obama to the G20 Summit at Konstantinovsky Palace in Saint Petersburg, Russia, Sept. 5, 2013. (Official White House Photo by Pete Souza)

The missed chances for peace did not wait. On April 17, 1961, a ragtag CIA-trained-and-funded paramilitary group of some 1,500 men went ashore on Cuba’s Bay of Pigs and were defeated in three days by Cuban forces led by Fidel Castro. CIA Director Allen Dulles and the senior military had intended to mousetrap young President Kennedy into committing U.S. military forces to a full-scale invasion, in order to bring what we now blithely call “regime change” to Cuba.

The planned mousetrap, shown for example in Dulles’s own handwriting on paper found in his study after his death, didn’t work. Kennedy had warned Dulles emphatically that he would not send U.S. armed forces into the fray. He stuck to that decision, and thereby created a rancid hatred on the part of Dulles, whom Kennedy fired, and from the Joint Chiefs of Staff, whom Kennedy should also have fired. The top generals, whom Deputy Secretary of State George Ball described as a “sewer of deceit,” had been in on the cabal.

The failed invasion prompted Castro to strengthen ties with the Soviet Union, which in turn led to the Cuban missile crisis of October of 1962. I watched with particular attention that seminal event unfold, since I had orders to report to Army Infantry Officer Orientation School at Fort Benning on Nov. 3, 1962. (When we began our training, we had to postpone the segment on highly touted, relatively new weapons grenade launchers, almost all of which had been scooped up and taken to Key West a few weeks before.)

As James Douglass details in his masterful JFK and the Unspeakable, Kennedy’s “failure” to send forces to rescue the paramilitary group on the beach at the Bay of Pigs was a sign of cowardice in the eyes of Allen Dulles; his brother, former Secretary of State John Foster Dulles; and the Joint Chiefs.

The peaceful resolution of the Cuban missile crisis disappointed Air Force General Curtis LeMay and colleagues on the Joint Staff who wished to use Moscow’s adventurism as a casus belli not only to achieve regime change in Cuba, but also to launch a nuclear attack on the Soviet Union itself. Yes, madness but real enough. (And there’s still some of it around today.)

Kennedy and Khrushchev were acutely aware of how close they had come to incinerating much of the world and decided to find common ground in order to prevent a re-run of the near-calamity. In a stunningly conciliatory speech at American University on June 10, 1963, Kennedy appealed for a re-examination of American attitudes towards peace, the Soviet Union and the Cold War, famously remarking, “If we cannot end now our differences, at least we can make the world safe for diversity.”

The Limited Nuclear Test Ban Treaty was signed by the U.S. and the U.S.S.R. on Aug. 5, 1963, and further improvement in relations was expected and strongly opposed by the cold warriors among the Joint Chiefs. For them it was the last straw when President Kennedy issued two Executive Orders for a staged withdrawal of virtually all U.S. troops from Vietnam. They joined forces with Allen Dulles and others with feelings of revenge or fear that Kennedy was too soft on Communism.

And so, according to the persuasive case made by Douglass in JFK and the Unspeakable, they joined in a plot to kill Kennedy and derail for a generation the chance for real peace.

Chance #2 Reykjavik, 1986

By the next high-profile opportunity for a comprehensive peace in 1986, I had spent most of my CIA career focusing on Soviet foreign policy and was able to tell the senior U.S. officials I was briefing that Mikhail Gorbachev, in my view, was the real deal. Even so, I was hardly prepared for how far Gorbachev was willing to go toward disarmament. At the 1986 summit with President Ronald Reagan in Reykjavik, Iceland, Gorbachev proposed that all nuclear weapons be eliminated within ten years.

Reagan reportedly almost rose to the occasion, but was counseled to reject Gorbachev’s condition that any research on anti-ballistic missiles be confined to laboratories for that decade. “Star Wars,” the largest and most wasteful defense-industry corporate welfare program, won the day.

I know the characters who, for whatever reason, danced to the tune of “Star Wars” Reagan’s wistful wish for an airtight defense against strategic missiles, which the most serious engineers and scientists have said from the start, and still say, can always be defeated, and cheaply.

The naysayers to peace included ideologues like CIA Director William Casey and Defense Secretary Caspar Weinberger, windsocks like CIA Deputy Director Robert Gates and one of his protégés, Fritz Ermarth, a viscerally anti-Russian functionary and former Northrop Corporation employee who was a Special Assistant to the President and Senior Director of Soviet and European Affairs at the National Security Council (NSC) during Reykjavik.

According to author Jim Mann, several years after Reykjavik, Ermarth reflected on how he had been wrong in being overly suspicious of Gorbachev and how the intuition of Ronald Reagan and Secretary of State George Shultz had been more perceptive.

As for “Star Wars,” Jack Matlock, whom Ermarth replaced at the White House and NSC, attributed the President’s refusal to compromise on anti-ballistic missile work beyond the laboratory to a mistaken belief that the proposed restrictions would be detrimental to the program. Matlock argued that the restrictions would have had little effect on research that was still in its very early stages. Matlock, who later served as U.S. Ambassador to Russia, remains among the most widely respected specialists on Russia since George Kennan.

A career Foreign Service officer, Matlock missed the opportunity that Ermarth had to be initiated into the ethos of defense contractors like Northrop. According to its website: “From detection to tracking to engagement, Northrop Grumman is bringing its entire suite of expertise in systems integration, high-tech weaponry, and domain knowledge to bear on the challenge of a layered missile defense capability.”

Also, in contrast to Matlock, Robert Gates was elected a director of Northrop Grumman on April 24, 2002, during one of his private-sector breaks between top jobs in the national security apparatus.

So, the Reykjavik summit was another blown chance for real peace that would have been beneficial for the world but for Northrop Grumman, not so much.

Chance #3 The Soviet Union Falls Apart

By the late 1980s and early 1990s with the crumbling of the Soviet bloc and then the collapse of the Soviet Union, another opportunity for genuine peace and nuclear disarmament presented itself, but blowing such chances had become predictable.

The failure of the Communist regimes in the U.S.S.R. and in Eastern Europe brought with it a unique opportunity to create the kind of peace that Europe had not seen in modern times. It was an historic moment. President George H. W. Bush sensed this, even before the Berlin Wall fell, when he told a German audience in Mainz on May 31, 1989, “the time is ripe for Europe to be whole and free.”

To his credit, President Bush, the elder, refused to gloat over the historic concessions being made by Soviet President Gorbachev. Bush said he would not dance in celebration of the Berlin Wall coming down and assured Gorbachev that he had “no intention of seeking unilateral advantage from the current process of change in East Germany and in other Warsaw Pact countries.”

In early February 1990, Secretary of State James Baker told Gorbachev there would be “no extension of NATO’s forces one inch to the East,” provided that the Russians agreed that a united Germany could become a member of NATO.

As historian Mary Elise Sarotte has pointed out, “Such statements helped to inspire Gorbachev to agree, on Feb. 10, 1990, to internal German unification” a bitter pill to swallow when earlier 20th Century history is taken into account. The undertaking not to push NATO east was in the nature of a gentlemen’s agreement; nothing was committed to paper, and as the years went by, so did the gentlemen.

While U.S. media have generally ignored this sordid history, one can find chapter and verse in Steve Weissman’s recent article, “Exposing the Cold War Roots of America’s Coup in Kiev.” And Der Spiegel published an even more detailed account in November 2009 in “Did the West Break Its Promise to Moscow?”

Double-Cross?

It didn’t take long, however, for Official Washington’s “triumphalism” to take over. “Free-market” experts were dispatched to Moscow to apply “shock therapy” to the Russian economy, a process that gave rise to a handful of well-connected “oligarchs” plundering the nation’s wealth while poverty spread among the masses of the Russian people.

With similar arrogance, the U.S. government cast aside Russian objections to NATO expansion. On March 12, 1999, the Czech Republic, Hungary and Poland joined NATO. On March 29, 2004, Bulgaria, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Romania, Slovakia and Slovenia also became NATO members. (Albania and Croatia joined on April 1, 2009.)

In a major speech in Munich on security policy on Feb. 2, 2007, Russian President Vladimir Putin, who was reasserting Russian self-respect, was blunt:

“I think it is obvious that NATO expansion does not have any relation to the modernization of the Alliance itself or with ensuring security in Europe. On the contrary, it represents a serious provocation that reduces the level of mutual trust. And we have the right to ask: against whom is this expansion intended? And what happened to the assurances our western partners made after the dissolution of the Warsaw Pact? Where are those declarations today? No one even remembers them.”

In no way impressed by Putin’s protestations, and having already added 12 countries on or near Russia’s borders, NATO leaders kept on looking east. On April 3, 2008, at a summit in Bucharest, the heads of state of the alliance issued a declaration that included this relating to NATO plans for Ukraine:

“NATO welcomes Ukraine’s and Georgia’s Euro-Atlantic aspirations for membership in NATO.  We agreed today that these countries will become members of NATO.”

Though the timing was left up in the air, Russia reacted strongly to the prospect, as anyone with an ounce of sense could have predicted.

Regarding Ukraine, the last straw came almost six years later when the U.S. Assistant Secretary of State for European Affairs, neocon prima donna Victoria Nuland, along with U.S. Ambassador to Ukraine Geoffrey Piatt and others with an interest in stirring up trouble in Ukraine, helped precipitate a putsch that placed U.S. lackeys in charge of a new government for Ukraine on Feb. 22, 2014.

In a major speech ten days later, Putin said:

“Our colleagues in the West … have lied to us many times, made decisions behind our backs, placed before us an accomplished fact. This happened with NATO’s expansion to the east, as well as the deployment of military infrastructure at our borders. … It happened with the deployment of a missile defense system. …

“They are constantly trying to sweep us into a corner. … But there is a limit to everything. And with Ukraine, our Western partners have crossed the line. … If you compress the spring all the way to its limit, it will snap back hard. … Today, it is imperative to end this hysteria and refute the rhetoric of the cold war. … Russia has its own national interests that need to be taken into account and respected.”

Quotes Around Russia’s National ‘Interests’

Putin’s speech riled those who run the editorial section of the neocon Washington Post, who on March 20 denounced “Putin’s expansionist ambitions” and reviled those who are “rushing to concede ‘Russian interests’ in Eurasia.” The Post lamented that President Barack Obama and Secretary of State John Kerry were among those who have said they recognize such “interests” in Ukraine.

And the Post gave space to former Bush national security adviser Stephen Hadley who wants NATO to “restate its commitment of the 2008 Bucharest Communiqué to ultimate NATO membership to Ukraine,” and to “roll back the takeover of Crimea.”

Oddly, abutting Hadley’s drivel was an op-ed penned by former Carter national security adviser Zbigniew Brzezinski. After excoriating “Russian aggression [and] Putin’s thuggish tactics,” and comparing him to “a Mafia gangster,” Hitler and Mussolini, Brzezinski nonetheless concluded: “The West should reassure Russia that it is not seeking to draw Ukraine into NATO.”

Henry Kissinger, no peacenik he, wrote the same thing in a Washington Post op-ed of March 5, 2014: “Ukraine should not join NATO, a position I took seven years ago, when it last came up.” Such suggestions from seasoned hands are not new. George Kennan, the author of the post WWII “containment policy,” was a fierce opponent of the eastward expansion of NATO.

If today’s Ukraine crisis is not to spin further out of control, President Obama needs to tell the neocons within his own administration as well as Secretary of State Kerry to cease and desist with their inflammatory rhetoric and their demands for confrontation.

If the objective of these hardliners was to poison U.S.-Russian relations, they have done a good job. However, if they had illusions that Russia would stand for Ukraine being woven into NATO, they should take a course in Russian history.

Or is it possible that some of the administration’s hawks are offended that Putin provided a path away from a near U.S. military assault on Syria last summer by getting Syrian President Bashar al-Assad to agree to surrender his chemical weapons?

In a highly unusual Sept. 11, 2013, op-ed in the New York Times, “A Plea for Caution From Russia,” Putin recalled that our countries “were allies once, and defeated the Nazis together,” adding, “My working and personal relationship with President Obama is marked by growing trust.” [For more on this question of Obama-Putin cooperation, see Consortiumnews.com’s “What Neocons Want from Ukraine Crisis.”]

Not Rising to the Bait

The good news, if there is any coming from the Ukraine mess, is that Putin has avoided returning the personal invective hurled at him. He does not want to burn any bridges. It would hardly be surprising, at this stage, were Putin to badmouth Secretary Kerry, but Putin has shown some restraint, while still putting Kerry in his place.

At a news conference on March 4, Putin was asked about Kerry’s harsh attitude and whether it might be time to recall the Russian ambassador to the U.S. Putin replied:

“The U.S. Secretary of State is certainly an important person, but he is not the ultimate authority that determines the United States foreign policy. … [Recalling our ambassador] would be an extreme measure. … I really don’t want to use it because I think Russia is not the only one interested in cooperation with partners on an international level and in such areas as economy, politics and foreign security; our partners are just as interested in this cooperation. It is very easy to destroy these instruments of cooperation and it would be very difficult to rebuild them.”

Putin also fielded a question from six-year-old Albina toward the end of his marathon “Direct Line” TV conversation on April 17. She asked, “Do you think President Obama would save you if you were drowning?”

Putin: “I sure hope this doesn’t happen, but you know that there are personal relationships as well as relations between governments. I can’t say that I have a special personal relationship with the U.S. President, but I think he is a decent man and brave enough. So, I think he definitely would.”

However, as for that “growing trust” with President Obama and the chance for more progress toward a more peaceful world the U.S. hardliners who exacerbated the political situation in Ukraine, turning it into an international confrontation, appear to have succeeded in blocking the latest best hope for U.S.-Russian cooperation.

But there remains an obvious solution to at least prevent matters from getting worse. The beneficiaries of “regime change” in Kiev, who now find themselves in power at least for the nonce, need to make clear that Ukraine will not attempt to join NATO; and NATO needs to make clear that it has no intention of folding Ukraine into NATO. (Polling shows a lack of enthusiasm among Ukrainians for NATO, in any case.)

This is the most important step to be taken to rebuild trust or at least prevent the further deterioration of trust between Obama and Putin.

At his press conference on March 4, President Putin complained about “our Western partners” continuing to interfere in Ukraine. “I sometimes get the feeling,” he said, “that somewhere across that huge puddle, in America, people sit in a lab and conduct experiments, as if with rats, without actually understanding the consequences of what they are doing. Why do they need to do this?”

Putin has taken some pains to hold the door open to a restoration of trust with President Obama. From the U.S. side, this might be the right time to close down the lab where all those destructive “regime change’” experiments take place.

Ray McGovern works with Tell the Word, a publishing arm of the ecumenical Church of the Saviour in inner-city Washington. He has focused on Russia for half a century; he serves on the Steering Group of Veteran Intelligence Professionals for Sanity (VIPS).

11 comments for “Trying Not to Give Peace a Chance

  1. Traveler
    April 22, 2014 at 18:20

    The US have turned into some kind of ugly, totally fascist behemoth.
    A real nasty cancer to our world, metastasizing in all all areas of our world and most probably, the country that will incinerate us all by sheer greed and stupidity on a massive scale.
    A nasty dump, nowadays.

  2. JWalters
    April 22, 2014 at 16:44

    As McGovern notes, a MAJOR effect of the conflict in the Ukraine is to disrupt Putin’s cooperation with Obama on getting to peace in the Middle East.

    And the false narrative used to foster this disruption is kin with the false narrative used to foster the religious conflict in the Middle East.

    Russia’s recent actions in the Ukraine PALE beside the brutality and injustices of the Jewish supremacist invasion of Palestine, funded by war profiteering bankers for their own ends.

    Yet this brutality, and the general havoc these war profiteers wreak get no mention in America’s mainstream media, because these same war profiteering bankers took control of that media to enable starting their religious war in Palestine.

    America’s ideals are under severe attack. Americans need to learn the relevant facts.
    http://examine.com

  3. April 21, 2014 at 15:59

    Good analysis, Ray.

    Could also mention US helping radical Jihadists in Libya, Syria, Chechnya, Dagestan and elsewhere.

    Syrian gas attacks perpetrated by US allied Jihadi terrorists, lied about by Washington repeatedly. Sy Hersh reports Turkey supplied gas to Al Nusra. Mint Press story has Saudis supplying more Sarin to rebels in Damascus.

    Boston Bombing ties to intelligence: Jamestown Foundation, Caucasus Fund, boys’ uncle Ruslan married into high level CIA family (Graham Fuller). Congress of Chechen Int’l Organizations ties to Chechen Jihadist terror, cover up and FBI malfeasance prior to the bombing – ignoring warnings, allowing known terrorists to roam free in Boston, etc.

    More on Boston Bombing

  4. Susan
    April 21, 2014 at 08:59

    George Kennan – respected Russian specialist? He seems to be the inspiration for the neocon and NED destabilization activities prevalent today. He recruited former Nazi collaborators to destabilize and contain Russia after WWII.
    “Destabilization is a type of psychological or political warfare that is calculated to undermine a target government, to destroy its popular support or credibility, to create economic problems, or to draw it into crisis through some other means. U.S. security planners of the late 1940s became fascinated with the prospect of destabilizing the Soviet Union’s satellite states while simultaneously harassing the USSR. They were anxious to capitalize on the spontaneous rebellions against Soviet rule then rumbling through the Ukraine and parts of Eastern Europe, some of which were approaching civil wars in intensity” p. 84, Blowback
    America’s recruitment of Nazis,
    and its disastrous effect on our domestic and foreign policy
    by Christopher Simpson
    Collier / Macmillan, 1988

  5. Susan
    April 21, 2014 at 08:53

    George Kennan – respected Russian specialist? He seems to be the inspiration for the neocon and NED destabilization activities prevalent today. He recruited former Nazi collaborators to destabilize and contain Russia after WWII. “destabilization is a type of psychological or political warfare that is calculated to undermine a target government, to destroy its popular support or credibility, to create economic problems, or to draw it into crisis through some other means. U.S. security planners of the late 1940s became fascinated with the prospect of destabilizing the Soviet Union’s satellite states while simultaneously harassing the USSR. They were anxious to capitalize on the spontaneous rebellions against Soviet rule then rumbling through the Ukraine and parts of Eastern Europe, some of which were approaching civil wars in intensity” p. 84, Blowback
    America’s recruitment of Nazis,
    and its disastrous effect on our domestic and foreign policy
    by Christopher Simpson
    Collier / Macmillan, 1988

  6. F. G. Sanford
    April 20, 2014 at 22:08

    James Douglass got it right. But almost fifty years ago, so did Jim Garrison. Garrison’s a posteriori case was logically flawless, and the fear it induced caused a well documented string of mysterious deaths and Federal Government interference at every step of the way. Many documents have since emerged that would have clinched his case. Not to belabor the point, but Clay Shaw’s connection to the CIA and George DeMorenschildt’s personal connection to Poppy Bush are just the tip of the iceberg.

    Maybe my interpretation of the recent timeline is a little off, but it seems to me that the flyer requiring “Registration of Jews” reared its ugly little head just shortly after Brennan’s “secret” visit to Kiev. Now, I grant you, Brennan has been variously described as a knuckle-dragging thug and a cross between Homer Simpson and John Dillinger. So, I don’t attribute that much creativity to him personally. But that “Jew Registration” scam has CIA written all over it. They call it “sheep dipping”.

    Unfortunately, the American public buys all this crap. And, until the seminal crime is revealed, nothing will change. To a thinking person who has taken the time to read a little, there are only two conclusions. Either the current administration is totally onboard with all this, or we’re dealing with a “palace coup”. If it’s the latter, blackmail or threat of bodily harm may be at play.

    I know what I’d do if I were in charge. I’d take up residence at the Marine Barracks, send my philandering body guards out for pizza, and get on the phone with every wire service in the English speaking world. That will never happen, but it’s probably the only sure way to stop a nuclear war. The Neocons have carried this too far to be acting on anybody’s orders but the boss’s…unless they’ve got his ass in a sling and he thinks he’s trapped.

    Does anybody really believe that rational professional diplomats and dedicated public servants are running this clown show? Does anybody believe that Jen Psaki, Jay Carney, John Kerry and Philip Breedlove can tell these lies with a straight face unless everybody’s in on the game? I gotta ask the same question any Sergeant Major would ask: “Who the hell’s in charge here?”

  7. lumpentroll
    April 20, 2014 at 17:09

    To his credit, President Bush, the elder, refused to gloat over the historic concessions being made by Soviet President Gorbachev.

    No. Bush gets no credit whatsoever. He and his fellow gangsters need to be held accountable including having their ill-gotten gains stripped to zero. Same goes for all the crimminals who seized control of the US government more than a century ago. We need to turn the tables when the next (planned) crisis occurrs. We demand justice and the good people of east Ukraine have shown us the way.

    It would hardly be surprising, at this stage, were Putin to badmouth Secretary Kerry, but Putin has shown some restraint, while still putting Kerry in his place.

    He has already called Kerry a liar once before. Nothing has changed except he needs to work with these neocon lunatics and their semi-deluded enablers the same way he needs to work with the gangster/oligarchs in his own country.

    Again, thanks to Putin we have a template for how to deal with these crimminals — only this time they won’t be allowed to flee to London or anywhere else except maybe to a Supermax prison cell. That’s if we don’t lynch them first.

    Understand that we are dealing with people who understand the language of terror and nothing else. Until we are prepared to restore the balance of terror we will remain on the path of self annialation — which is incidently their intent.

    Or do you think you are so ‘exceptional’ that you will be rescued for your years of service to the Empire? Will you still be making this this argument even as you’re forced to dig your own grave?

    I suspect you will.

    • lumpentroll
      April 20, 2014 at 17:20

      Drat. For got to close tag after third paragraph.

      In any case we need to maintain laser like focus on a single demand:

      Prosecute all war crimminals and their enablers starting at the TOP and working our way down.

      We can worry about truth and reconciliation when everybody above the rank of major has been removed.

      • April 22, 2014 at 14:17

        Sadly war is too profitable for these people and their corporate partners/interests/investments/lobbyists.

  8. TheEnd
    April 20, 2014 at 16:51

    Why did you ignore the whole Yugoslav war in your history of the U.S. rejecting peace? The Russians were humiliated and infuriated, especially in Kosovo, and the use of NATO forces made any assurances that the expansion east was only to defend the new members hollow ones, especially given Russia’s own muslim balkanization problems. I’m almost certain Putin was a big “f**k you” gift to the West from Yeltsin for that war.

    “It’s the economy stupid” and the Yugoslav wars were the key events which blew the world’s chances for peace without the threat of MAD. Now western leadership is so weak, but still interventionist (the George Soros leftists aren’t any more for live and let live diplomacy than the “neocons” are), I’m not sure we can stabilize back at MAD. We’ll skip the next Cold War straight into Armageddon. Lots of places for it to start, now. Israeli nuclear first strike on Iran (conventional weapons unlikely to be effective)? Putin “liberating” Russian Estonians from the evil neocons? China enforcing its claims to all bodies of water baring its name? We’re probably closer to the bad End of History than we have been since the 1960s.

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